Anti Modern Slavery Statement
As global citizens, every person has the social responsibility to protect and foster a healthy society. Both men and women have the responsibility of determining "what kind of society we want our daughters and sons to grow up in" (Hughes, D.M., 2005). As Marit Kvamme expresses, the "sale of the female body is contradictory to an equal society". Under the suppression of slavery (whether physical or psychological), women should not have to sell their bodies for money and men should not be taught to buy such bodies.
Within the context of US law, sex trafficking is distinctly defined with the coexistence of three key properties: action, purpose, and means. Sex trafficking operations engage in the action of commercial recruiting, harbouring, transporting, and/or the provision of individuals for the purpose of involuntary servitude, peonage, debt bondage, or slavery involving commercial sex services by means of force, fraud or coercion (Brotherton & Manirakiza 2019). The action of such operations extends to include "enticing, obtaining, advertising, maintaining, patronizing, or soliciting" (Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act 2000). An individual is considered a victim of sex trafficking even if the victim consented to engage in commercial sex (Anchan, C., 2016) but was lured in to the trade by the action, for the purpose of, and through the means as denoted in the definition of sex trafficking.
At its core, coercion is understood as a form of power (McCloskey, H.J., 1980). The American Psychological Association describes coercion as "the process of attempting to influence another person through the use of threats, punishment, force, direct pressure, and other negative forms of power" (American Psychological Association 2022). Although not all forms of power are coercion, to coerce is to exhort power over another individual. The exertion of this kind of power can be exercised by pressure, force, manipulation, or social pressure in an interpersonal or group context, or through propaganda (McCloskey, H.J., 1980). Rhetoric can be used to lead an individual astray through corrupt persuasion which is considered manipulation. Tools that are used to coerce an individual include behaviour modification devices, the use of drugs, hypnosis, brain-washing with techniques such as charisma employed.
Coercive control is an invisible identifying factor of sex trafficking which presents itself in related practices of manipulation and exploitation. The goal of this form of abusive control is to deny, challenge, and limit a victim's liberty, autonomy, and equality (Pomerantz et al. 2021). Distinguishing coercive control from "free-will" or "empowerment" and measuring it requires an understanding of the psychological mechanics of manipulation (Hopper, E. and Hidalgo, J., 2006). Reflexive conditioning is exercised through instilling fear, the deprivation of social support, degrading, diminishing one's sense of self-worth, and controlling financial activity (Pomerantz et al. 2021).
As Aristotle explains, rhetoric can work the greatest blessing but wrongly employed it works the greatest harm.
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